End on the Consequence, Not the Action

Do

Let the consequence be specific and unexpected. The expected consequence is the one the reader already felt. The specific unexpected one is the one they carry into the next chapter.

Avoid

Explaining the consequence. If a scene ends with a character reflecting on what just happened and what it means, the scene has gone on too long. The reader already felt it. Trust them.

From My Work

The Unresolved Question

Do

Make the unresolved thing specific enough that readers feel it without being able to name it. Vague unease is forgettable. The specific wrong detail that nobody addressed is not.

Avoid

Unresolved questions that are too obvious. If the scene ends on something that screams “this is a cliffhanger,” the reader feels the mechanism rather than the tension. The best unresolved endings feel like something the writer almost missed, not like something they planted deliberately.

From My Work

The Single Quiet Line

Do

Let the quiet line be grounded in something physical or behavioral. Not an emotion stated, but a thing done or not done. A character who picks up a mug and then sets it back down without drinking from it. A door left open. A light left on. The specific physical detail carries more than any declaration would.

Avoid

Quiet endings that are vague rather than specific. “She stood there for a long time” is quiet but it’s not specific. “She stood there until the coffee went cold” is specific. Specific is what lands.

From My Work

Cut Earlier Than Feels Comfortable

Do

Read the last paragraph of a scene and ask whether the final sentence is the real ending or whether the real ending came two or three sentences earlier. Most of the time it came earlier. Cut back to it.

Avoid

The explanatory sentence after the landing. The sentence that tells the reader what the ending meant, what the character felt, what the reader should take from it. That sentence is almost always the one that needs to go.

Final Thoughts

Extras